Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHF)

Developed in 1984.

Two versions exist: The original version 2.0 and the recommended version 3.0 (also called MLHFQ).

Rector ST, Cohn JN. Assessment of patient outcome with the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire: reliability and validity during a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pimobendan. Am Heart J 1992;124:1017-1025 (PubMed Abstract)

Rector TS, Kubo SH, Cohn JN. Patients' Self-Assessment of Their Congestive Heart Failure: Content, Reliability and Validity of a New Measure, the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire. Heart Failure 1987;3:198-209

Examination copies can only be used for the limited purpose of examining the suitability of the Questionnaire for subsequent research and/or clinical use, and cannot be used in research or in clinical practice or distributed to others.
You are not authorized to modify, retype, translate, copy or otherwise duplicate the Questionnaire except with the further and prior written permission of Mapi Research Trust / the developers / copyright holders / distributors.

• MLHF in English for the USA

The list of available translations is subject to constant changes and may not be exhaustive. It is provided for information only. Some recently produced translations may not be included in the list below yet. Please do check the status of available translations with Mapi Research Trust / the developers / copyright holders / distributors.

Also, the listed translations may not have undergone a full linguistic validation process and may require further work to be suitable for use in a study.

Please contact the Office for Technology Commercialization at the University of Minnesota

Bibliographic references of the translations:

Arabic for Lebanon

Zahwe M, Isma'eel H, Skouri H, Al-Hajje A, Rachidi S, Tamim H, Noureddine S. Validation of the Arabic Version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Heart Lung. 2020 Jan-Feb;49(1):36-41 (PubMed abstract)

Chinese
Ho CC, Clochesy JM, Madigan E, Liu CC. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Nurs Res. 2007 Nov-Dec;56(6):441-8 (PubMed abstract)

Greek for Greece
Brokalaki H, Patelarou E, Giakoumidakis K, Kollia Z, Fotos NV, Vivilaki V, Brokalaki E, Chatzistamatiou E, Kallikazaros IE. Translation and validation of the Greek "Minnesota Living with Heart Failure" questionnaire. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2015 Jan-Feb;56(1):10-9 (Full text article)

Indonesian for Indonesia
Kusuma DY, Shatri H, Alwi I, Abdullah M. Validity and Reliability Studies of the Indonesian Version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ): Quality of Life Questionnaire for Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Acta Med Indones. 2019 Jan;51(1):26-33 (Full text article)

Korean for Korea
Moon JR, Jung YY, Jeon ES, Choi JO, Hwang JM, Lee SC. Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Heart Lung. 2012 Jan-Feb;41(1):57-66 (PubMed abstract)

Portuguese for Brazil
Saccomann IC, Cintra FA, Gallani MC. Psychometric properties of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure--Brazilian version--in the elderly. Qual Life Res. 2007 Aug;16(6):997-1005. Epub 2007 May 30 (PubMed abstract)

Portuguese for Portugal
Carvalho VO, Guimarães GV, Carrara D, Bacal F, Bocchi EA. Validation of the Portuguese version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009 Jul;93(1):39-44. English, Portuguese, Spanish (Full text article)

Spanish for Spain
Garin O, Soriano N, Ribera A, Ferrer M, Pont A, Alonso J, Permanyer G; Grupo IC-QoL. Validación de la versión española del Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire [Validation of the Spanish version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire]. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2008 Mar;61(3):251-9. Spanish (Full text article)